تأثیر هالوپرایمینگ بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی گیاه دارویی مریم‌گلی مصری (Salvia aegyptiaca) تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مرتع داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

4 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع - بانک ژن

چکیده

تنش شوری یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل محدودکننده رشد گیاهان است که تقریباً بر تمام مراحل رشد و نمو اثر منفی داشته و با ایجاد مسمومیت یونی و اختلال در جذب آب باعث کاهش کیفیت و کمیت گیاهان می‌گردد. هالوپرایمینگ، خیساندن بذور در محلول نمک و یک تیمار قبل از کشت، باعث افزایش جوانه‌زنی و سبز شدن یکنواخت بذور تحت شرایط نامطلوب محیط زیستی می‌گردد. جهت مطالعه تأثیر هالوپرایمینگ بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی گیاه دارویی مریم‌گلی مصری تحت تنش شوری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال 1400 اجرا شد. در این آزمایش فاکتور اول هالوپرایمینگ با چهار سطح (0، 80، 150 و 250 میلی‌مولار) از محلول سدیم‌کلرید و فاکتور دوم شامل سطوح مختلف شوری (0، 50، 100، 200 و 300 میلی‌مولار سدیم‌کلرید) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و صفات مرتبط با جوانه‌زنی شامل درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی، میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه و شاخص بنیه ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد پرایمینگ در همه خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی تأثیر مثبت داشت به گونه‌ای که در تمام صفات رشدی اختلاف معنی‌داری ایجاد کرد. بالاترین درصد جوانه‌زنی بذرها (33/91) در تیمار پرایمینگ 80 میلی‌مولار و شرایط عدم تنش به‌دست آمد. در این بررسی افزایش تنش شوری موجب کاهش قابل توجهی در درصد جوانه‌زنی بذور گردید و در شرایط تنش شوری، هالوپرایمینگ بذر اثرات تنش شوری را به‌طور مؤثری کاهش داد و شرایط مطلوب‌تری برای بهبود جوانه‌زنی ایجاد نمود.

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