تأثیر پیش‌تیمارهای زیستی بذر بر جوانه‌زنی و رشد اولیه گیاهچه زیره‌ی سبز (Cuminum cyminum L.) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

2 دانشگاه یاسوج

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج

4 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تلقیح زیستی بذر بر برخی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی زیره‌ی سبز تحت تنش خشکی آزمایشی دو عاملی انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل پرایمینگ در 9 سطح (4 سویه باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس (PF1، PF2،  CHA0و PF75)، 4 سویه قارچ تریکودرما  هارزیانوم (T29، T36 ، T39  و T40) و پرایم نشده) و تنش خشکی در سه سطح (صفر، 3- و 6- بار) بود. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش پتانسیل اسمزی، شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر کاهش یافت. در هر سه سطح پتانسیل اسمزی، بذور تلقیح شده نسبت به بذور تلقیح نشده درصد جوانه‌زنی و طول ریشه‌چه بالاتری داشتند. در سطح تنش3- بار، بیشترین جوانه‌زنی (86/66 درصد) و شاخص وزنی بنیه گیاهچه (11/93) از تیمار  T36به‌دست آمد،  این تیمار توانست جوانه‌زنی را بیش از 35 درصد نسبت به بذر تلقیح نشده افزایش دهد. در تنش 6- بار، بیشترین جوانه‌زنی (76/68 درصد) مربوط به تیمار T29 بود که تفاوت معنی‌داری با  T36(75/83 درصد) و T39 (75/83 درصد) نشان نداد  و کمترین درصد جوانه‌زنی (55 درصد) از تیمار پرایم نشده بدست آمد. در هر سه سطح تنش بیشترین شاخص طولی بنیه گیاهچه از بذرهای تلقیح شده با CHA0 به دست آمد. همچنین در سطوح تنش صفر و 3- بار، بیشترین شاخص وزنی بنیه گیاهچه مربوط به قارچ T36  (13/08 و 11/93 به ترتیب در سطوح صفر و 3-  بار) و کمترین شاخص وزنی بنیه در هر سه سطح تنش از تیمار تلقیح نشده بدست آمد.  با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده تیمار T36 مناسبترین سویه برای بهبود و کنترل اثرات تنش خشکی در زیره‌ی سبز بود.

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