واکنش جوانه زنی و صفات مرتبط با گیاهچه ژنوتیپ های کلزا به شرایط مختلف رطوبتی با استفاده از روش GGE biplot

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل (مغان)، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار با 24 ژنوتیپ کلزا (13 رقم و 11 لاین دابل هاپلوئید) در چهار شیب رطوبت وزنی خاک شامل 80، 50، 30 و 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به صورت گلدانی در گلخانه موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج در سال 1396 انجام شد. رشد طولی ساقه‌چه در مقایسه با رشد طولی ریشه‌چه بیشتر تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش کم‌آبی قرار گرفت که نشان‌دهنده حساسیت بیشتر طول ساقه‌چه در مقایسه با طول ریشه‌چه در واکنش به تنش کم‌آبی بوده است و از این‌رو نسبت ریشه‌چه به ساقه‌چه می‌تواند شاخص مناسبی برای ارزیابی تحمل به تنش کم‌آبی باشد. تنتایج نشان داد که ارقامی مانند Oase و Triangle و حتی Tassilo و Savanah از پایداری بسیار بالایی در شرایط تنش برخوردار بودند اما به دلیل داشتن مقادیر اندکی از مؤلفه اول و دوم جزء ارقام حساس به تنش کم‌آبی طبقه‌بندی شدند. همچنین ارقام SLM046 و Billy کمترین پایداری صفات را در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی در مرحله جوانه‌زنی داشتند. به دلیل تفکیک نشدن و عدم تمایز سه سطح رطوبتی 80، 50 و 30 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، برای گزینش مناسب نبودند و تنها سطح 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به عنوان بخش مناسب برای گزینش ژنوتیپ ایده آل شناخته شد. از این رو، در بین ژنوتیپ‌هایی که در بخش 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی واقع شدند، بر اساس الگوی کدام-برتر-کجا ژنوتیپ GKH 2005 به عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر شناخته شد.

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