بهبود جوانه‌زنی، رشد و خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گیاهچه‌های حاصل از بذور فرسوده شده گاوزبان اروپایی با استفاده از اسید آسکوربیک تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

باتوجه به اهمیت گاوزبان اروپایی و جوانه‌زنی غیر‌‌یکنواخت و ضعیف این گیاه در نتیجه فرسودگی طی انبارداری و فراوانی‌ منابع آب و خاک شور در کشور، این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تاثیر پیش‌تیمار‌ و فرسودگی بذر بر جوانه‌زنی، رشد و خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گیاهچه‌های گاوزبان اروپایی تحت تنش شوری، به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور‌های آزمایشی شامل تنش شوری (صفر، 4، 8 و 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر)، پیش‌تیمار بذر (شاهد و پیش‌تیمار با غلظت 150 پی‌پی‌ام اسید آسکوربیک به مدت 48 ساعت) و مدت فرسودگی بذور (صفر، 8 و 14 ساعت) بود. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش شدت تنش شوری و مدت‌زمان فرسودگی، درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی و وزن‌ خشک گیاهچه‌ها کاهش یافت. کاهش وزن خشک گیاهچه‌ها تحت تنش شوری حدود 75 تا 78 درصد بود. فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و اسید‌آمینه پرولین گیاهچه‌ها تحت تنش شوری افزایش یافت که این افزایش در گیاهچه‌های حاصل از بذرهای پیش‌تیمار شده به‌طور معنی‌داری بیش‌تر از شاهد بود. پیش‌تیمار بذر موجب افزایش معنی‌دار خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی، رشد و پرولین گیاهچه‌ها در تمام سطوح شوری و فرسودگی گردید. افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌ کاتالاز گیاهچه‌های حاصل از بذور پیش‌تیمار شده در شرایط بدون فرسودگی و فرسودگی به مدت 14 ساعت به ترتیب در حدود 6/1 و 5/2 برابر بود. به‌طور کلی، پیش‌تیمار بذر با اسید آسکوربیک از طریق افزایش قدرت بذر و خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گیاهچه‌ها، از اثرات منفی تنش شوری و فرسودگی کاسته و موجب بهبود جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه‌های گاوزبان اروپایی در شرایط مساعد و نامساعد می‌شود.

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