تأثیر تغذیه گیاه مادری بر برخی شاخص‌های جوانه زنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه آرتیشو (Cynara scolymus L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه تبریز،، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت تغذیه مناسب گیاه مادری در تولید بذرهایی با بنیه قوی، آزمایشی در سال 1394 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 3 تکرار به منظور ارزیابی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذور آرتیشو حاصله از پایه‌های مادری تیمار شده با سطوح مختلف کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی انجام شد. بذرهای مورد استفاده در آزمایش از مزرعه‌ای که در سال قبل مقادیر مختلف کود شیمیایی در سه سطح (توصیه شده بر اساس آزمون خاک با درصد‌های 100، 50 و شاهد) و کود زیستی در چهار سطح (بارور 2، نیتروکسین، بارور 2+ نیتروکسین و شاهد) را دریافت کرده بودند به دست آمدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین وزن هزار دانه، سرعت جوانه زنی، درصد جوانه زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر، وزن خشک ساقه چه، وزن خشک ریشه چه، وزن خشک گیاهچه، طول ساقه چه، طول ریشه چه و طول گیاهچه به سطح اثرات باقیمانده 100% کود شیمیایی+ 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن تکمیلی اختصاص داشت و در بین سطوح کود زیستی، سطح تلقیح توام بذور با کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین و بارور 2 بیشترین مقدار صفات مذکور را داشتند و بالاترین متوسط زمان جوانه زنی مربوط به بذرهایی بود که بوته مادری آنها با هیچ نوع کودی تغذیه نشده بود. در مجموع نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد که کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی همراه با کودهای زیستی می‌تواند از طریق افزایش جذب عناصر غذایی از جمله نیتروژن و فسفر منجر به بهبود اکثر شاخص‌های جوانه زنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه آرتیشو شود.

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