اثر پیش تیمار سرما دهی بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی بذر و تحمل تنش خشکی در گیاه دارویی وشاء (Dorema ammoniacum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه آموزشی مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، مرکز تحقیقات بین المللی بیابان، دانشگاه تهران

2 ، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداریری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان

3 دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

یکی از مسائل مهم در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک کمبود آب است، بنابراین انتخاب گونه‌های گیاهی دارویی مقاوم به خشکی بویژه در مرحله جوانه‌زنی بذر و سبز شدن اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این تحقیق ابتدن تیمار سرمادهی مرطوب جهت شکست خواب بذور وشاء (Dorema ammoniacum) بررسی شد. سپس بذور تیمار شده در محیط کشت جوانه‌زنی همراه با تنش خشکی به مدت 20 روز در دمای 15 و 20 درجه سانتی‌گراد قرار داده شد. آزمایش تنش خشکی، در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل و به صورت طرح کاملا تصادفی در 5 سطح، شامل ایجاد تنش اسمزی بر اساس پتانسیل‌های اسمزی محلول حاوی پلی‌اتیلن گلایکول 4- ، 8- ، 12- و 16- بار و بدون تنش یا شاهد استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شدت تنش اسمزی به طور معنی‌داری (p <0/01) از سرعت و درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه کاسته می‌شود. متعادل‌ترین محدوده تنش اسمزی جهت بهیود جوانه‌زنی، پس از شرایط عدم تنش، حداکثر 12- بار تنش در پتانسیل اسمزی بود. به نظر می‌رسد طول ساقه‌چه در بین سایر صفات مورد بررسی از حساسیت بالاتری نسبت به تنش اسمزی برخوردار است. در ضمن مناسب‌ترین دما برای جوانه‌زنی وشاء تحت تنش تیمار خشکی دمای 20 درجه سانتی‌گراد بود.

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