بررسی اثرات هیدروپرایمینگ و اسموپرایمینگ بر بهبود جوانه‌زنی بذر چمن بومی چچم سخت (Lolium rigidum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد/ گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، خراسان رضوی، ایران.

2 استادیار/گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، خراسان رضوی، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری/گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، خراسان رضوی، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به ارزش بومی­ سازی طراحی مناظر و استفاده از گراس­ها و نقش بسزای آنها در فضای سبز شهری، دو آزمایش در شرایط ژرمیناتور با هدف بررسی تیمارهای هیدروپرایمینگ و اسموپرایمنیگ بر جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاه چچم سخت (Lolium rigidum) اجرا گردید. در آزمایش اول اثرات هیدروپرایمینگ در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 4 تیمار و چهار تکرار بررسی شد. تیمارها شامل: بذر خشک (شاهد) و خیساندن بذر در آب مقطر در سه زمان 12، 24 و 48 ساعت بود. آزمایش دوم جهت بررسی اسموپرایمینگ به‌صورت فاکتوریل با طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول سه سطح پرایمینگ (بذور تیمارشده با آب مقطر (شاهد)، نیترات پتاسیم 0.2% و کلرید سدیم (45 ds/m) و فاکتور دوم سه زمان پرایمینگ (12، 24 و 48 ساعت) بود. درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول و وزن­تر و خشک ریشه‌چه و ساقه ­چه، متوسط سبز شدن روزانه و شاخص بنیه بذر اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج آزمایش اول نشان داد، تاثیر پیش­تیمار بذر با آب مقطر نسبت به شاهد در تمامی زمان­ها بر روی اکثر صفات معنی‌دار (P<0.01) شد. نتایج آزمایش دوم حاکی از تاثیر اسموپرایمنیگ، به‌خصوص نیترات­ پتاسیم به مدت 12 ساعت بر بهبود درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی و شاخص­های رشد اولیه چچم بود. در نهایت، اثرات اسموپرایمینگ نسبت به شاهد و هیدروپرایمینگ قابل توجه بود.

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